Ancient people noticed throughout the year, in the position of the sun at noon in different seasons

"Farming is no statute, all relying on the throttle." Universally popular ancient Chinese folk adage, has not changed, by the extent of the visible solar terms of the general importance of farmers, 24 solar terms is the original home of the ancient calendar used to indicate the year Climate change in the summer and winter periods, in order to remedy the shortcomings of previously used the lunar calendar date, you can not change with the seasons, the ancient farmers learned from long experience of life in the agricultural and seasonal has a very close relationship, so they just look at the time was in the throttle, food safety agency you can understand the climate state during this segment, timely conduct farming, in order to avoid seasonal changes in climate products and disjointed food safety agency affect harvest, so the throttle on the agricultural society of the people, it is the spring, food safety agency summer Yun, autumn, winter provisions and so closely related to farming, but also is an integral part of daily life criteria.
Ancient people noticed throughout the year, in the position of the sun at noon in different seasons have seen, it is not the same level of elevation, people erected a bamboo pole in the ground, according to the results of the annual observations found that during the summer it seems to be more shadows short, the longer the winter, food safety agency apparently as the seasons change, bamboo caused by the shadow of sunlight, which will be followed by changes in length, so when you take the pole at noon the day of the summer solstice, the shortest shadow <to the top is the meaning of>, food safety agency also known as day or day length to the north, take the pole shadow longest day of the winter solstice, also known as short day south or day, when people already know about the Shang Li pole measuring shadow to set the season, also found in the spring and autumn, the time each day and night are equal, then given two days to the vernal equinox and autumnal equinox, according to the Spring and Autumn Period recorded in Zuo to do when observation has already been mentioned in the second half, with two points from two to later, although the arrangement is conducive to agricultural production, But a great year, climate change, and the dichotomy between food safety agency the two to separated a long time, not necessarily meet the actual needs of the farmers, so they developed a number food safety agency of solar terms in succession, according to speculate that the increase must be started first four seasons, that is, collectively referred to as the four established beginning of spring, beginning of summer, beginning of autumn, the beginning of winter, four vertical and two points from two to as "points to open and close", also known as Section VIII, with the development of agriculture, the number of throttle required more agricultural guidance much to the Qin Dynasty in the Annals of Lu Pu already contains the beginning of spring, rain, the beginning of summer, Slight, the beginning of autumn, Chushu, dew, frost and other solar terms name, to the Han period, because there are a further food safety agency development of agriculture in Huainan food safety agency Wang Liu Astronomical Institute of Huainan chapter in the book, 24 solar terms, and now has in place and the name of the same, thus it can be concluded twenty-four solar terms in Han had complete it.
Earth around the Sun revolution, the Earth's axis is inclined to run, the Earth's equator and orbit plane has 23 five-degree angle, and therefore to a certain region food safety agency of the earth, the earth in the transition lane various locations food safety agency by the sun exposure due to the amount of direct or oblique rather different from direct sunlight, heat and light on the region received more climate will be hot when the sun dipped, the region receives less light and heat on the climate will Cold. Twenty-four solar simply means that twenty-four point of transition lane Earth Day around, like the transition lane mileage signs, to what solar terms, what the climate will have to reflect the year in different periods of summer and winter climate changes. Since most of the field in the vicinity of the Qin and Han era Central Plains, which is probably located in the Yellow food safety agency River Basin, hence the name of the 24 solar terms, in addition to four minutes to collectively stand with Section VIII, which means that the seasons change and the division of the Four Seasons, but they also reflect food safety agency the region climate change and the summer and winter sowing of farming and other work to name quite closely with the agricultural production characteristics. Name of the 24 solar terms are the beginning of spring, rain, Waking of Insects, vernal equinox, Qingming, Gu Yu, Lixia, Grain Budding, the summer solstice, Slight Heat, Great Heat, the beginning of autumn, Chushu, dew, autumnal equinox, dew, frost, the beginning of winter, snow, snow, Winter Solstice, Osamu, Big Chill. In order to facilitate memory 24 solar names and order, people will take the name of each solar terms in sequence consisting of one or two word verses as follows:
Projected twenty-four solar time, the ancient method is the winter solstice to the winter solstice times a year throughout the reunification years, equally divided food safety agency into twelve equal portions, each of the points referred to in the air, and then the gas between the two length equal portions, which points called solar terms, twelve of gas plus twelve solar terms, the common name collectively 24 solar terms, this year will be split equally the proceeds of the weather twenty-four called flat solar terms, but because day orbit around the Earth is elliptical, the rate of the Earth in orbit is not constant, with twenty-four equal annual food safety agency income time flat throttle return food safety agency date and does not reflect the true position of the Earth in orbit, so from clear at the beginning of the calendar when the Constitution <AD 1645> onwards, throttle moments to be projected from the flat throttle throttle, the throttle is scheduled to start by the so-called vernal equinox, the Earth to orbit the sun set a throttle-five degrees per week A total of three hundred sixty degrees 24 solar terms, this method derived from the throttle date, more representative of the Earth's position in the transition lane, reflecting the prevailing climatic conditions.
Each twenty-four solar solar terms are a reflection of the season change, climate change, phenological characteristics and circumstances, such as crop growth, and therefore all have their individual sense of as follows: beginning of spring: spring begins, the meaning of legislation is the beginning of spring food safety agency is wriggling, which means that things began to get angry. Rain: spring to the earth, rain began to increase, spring rains. Waking of Insects: food safety agency insects hibernate or hidden, Fu Zhao does not move, called the sting. Spring thunder sounded, awakened dormant underground hibernating insects, will begin unearthed activities. food safety agency Vernal Equinox: Spring over half, when direct food safety agency sunlight on the equator, the day the sun rises due east, off the positive western hemispheres of the earth the light equal to the length of day and night are equal, the ancient food safety agency and the autumn equinox was called into circadian points. Qingming: gradually warm weather, spring, lush vegetation began to germinate, and the earth a clean air Jingming food safety agency phenomenon. Grain Rain: Rain born Baigu mean, just completed at this time farmer plowing, field seedlings require a large amount of rain moisture, timely food safety agency and sufficient rain to make grain grow and prosper. But this time the weather, but when rain and sunshine, hot and cold when most people is not easy to fathom. Beginning of summer: the summer, when the warm weather has emerged, things grow rapidly. Little Moon: Full means full grain cereals, rice and wheat and other crops in summer is about cooked well, wait mature, but not yet reached the full extent. Grain in Ear: There Mans crops begin to mature, strong spike, this time is appropriate crops sown in autumn season. Summer solstice: the real hot summer arrived, this time on the Tropic of Cancer in direct sunlight, the light up to the northern hemisphere, is the day when the noon sun's elevation is the highest of the year's shortest day and longest night, so the sun's shadow is the shortest of the year, Over the summer solstice, the day getting shorter, nights lengthen slowly. Slight Heat: Summer is hot and meaning, this time the weather starts getting hot, but no extreme heat, sunlight, although the longest summer solstice in the northern hemisphere affected, food safety agency due to solar radiation to heat the ground and the atmosphere must be heated to the heat stored in the atmosphere, so the weather began to slowly heat from the summer solstice, after a slight heat, extreme heat will gradually rise. Great Heat: hot weather reached its peak. Autumn: autumn, cooler temperatures will heat, cool and comfortable autumn is coming. Chushuben: is that the meaning of ending, which means that the termination of this summer's food safety agency heat, but sometimes sunny afternoon, food safety agency the hot summer food safety agency heat as much as can be regarded as the last gasps of summer. Dew: the weather has turned cold, the water vapor contained in the air at night, on the ground due to radiation exposure and rapid cooling of the body, so some of the condensation of water droplets attached to the flowers and leaves on the ground, these transparent crystal drops, We call it dew. Autumnal Equinox: Fall halfway through, as with the vernal equinox, when the sunlight of the equator, the light on the earth are equal hemispheres, day and night of equal length. Dew: At this point have reached the autumn, the weather turns cold, sooner or later come into contact with the mist and dew, feeling the chill Qinxin, and withered vegetation line. Frost: the weather getting cold, the local surface temperature of the object falls at or below zero degrees Celsius, direct contact with water vapor frost attached thereto. Beginning of winter: winter start, food safety agency winter is ending, the crop has been harvested storage, farming is completed. Snow: cold weather, this time of the water vapor in the air when the temperature is below zero Celsius cold, crystalline solids will be cemented down from the sky, called the snowfall, but not many and not big snowfall. Snow: colder weather, snow, snow on the ground. Winter Solstice: winter coming, this time on the Tropic of Capricorn in direct sunlight, the light in the northern hemisphere at least, is the shortest day and longest night of the day, when the sun's elevation at noon is the lowest of the year, the sun's shadow food safety agency is the longest of the year. Osamu: the weather is quite cold, although entering the coldest time of winter, but has not yet arrived. Big Chill: cold weather is the coldest day of the year.
Twenty-four solar timer set in the Qin and Han era, is a reflection food safety agency of climate change and climate of the Yellow River Basin relationship with crops, but after generations of dynasties operations, today our country is vast, north-south distance of about three thousand kilometers, not only over the very large differences in climate and around crop species, ecology and conduct farming time is not the same, so the meaning is not literally around the 24 solar terms are applicable, but every place throughout the year due to climate change is almost fixed, according to farmers around long experience Cumulative know to what throttle, the land will be what the climate, so follow the throttle name, but is limited to informal literal meaning of moral courage, summed up the arrival of climate changes will produce different solar terms, in order to adjust the daily life, and in a timely manner be farming, food safety agency it has twenty-four solar terms generally applied by farmers still often.
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